Amines and amidesEdexcel A-Level Chemistry: Flashcards

What these 13 flashcards ask

What are the functional groups of an amine and an amide?
Write the equation for butylamine acting as a base in water.
What is formed when butylamine reacts with dilute HCl?
What is seen when excess butylamine is added to aqueous copper(II) sulfate?
What is the order of base strength for phenylamine, ammonia and butylamine?
Why is butylamine a stronger base than ammonia?
Why is phenylamine a weaker base than ammonia?
How is butylamine made from 1-bromobutane?
Why is excess ammonia used in that reaction?
How can butanenitrile be reduced to butylamine?
How is phenylamine made from nitrobenzene?
What type of mechanism occurs when an amine reacts with an acyl chloride?
Why are two moles of amine used per mole of acyl chloride?

Exam questions on Amines and amides

Butylamine, CH₃(CH₂)₃NH₂, is a primary aliphatic amine. It dissolves in water to give an alkaline solution and it neutralises dilute hydrochloric acid.
A student adds butylamine dropwise, and then in excess, to aqueous copper(II) sulfate. Describe what is observed and explain the change seen in excess.2 marks
A student compares the strengths of three bases at 298 K using their pKb values. A lower pKb means a stronger base. Ammonia, NH₃, has pKb = 4.75, butylamine, CH₃(CH₂)₃NH₂, has pKb = 3.39 and phenylamine, C₆H₅NH₂, has pKb = 9.13.
Explain why butylamine is a stronger base than ammonia.2 marks
Primary aliphatic amines can be prepared from halogenoalkanes or by reduction of nitriles. Butylamine, CH₃(CH₂)₃NH₂, can be made from 1-bromobutane, and it can also be made by reducing the nitrile butanenitrile, CH₃CH₂CH₂CN.
State the reagent and conditions for converting 1-bromobutane into butylamine, and explain why a large excess of the reagent is used.3 marks

Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).