GCSE›AQA GCSE Chemistry›Mind mapsReactions of MetalsAQA GCSE Chemistry: Mind mapStudy pack PDFAlso for this subtopic:Revision notesFlashcardsSubtopic testCover factsWith oxygenMetal + oxygen → metal oxide (s)2 Mg+OX2→2 MgO\ce{2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO}2Mg+OX22MgO, bright white flame2 Cu+OX2→2 CuO\ce{2Cu + O2 -> 2CuO}2Cu+OX22CuO, black solidSodium burns in air; copper needs strong heatWith waterMetal + water → hydroxide + hydrogen2 Na+2 HX2O→2 NaOH+HX2\ce{2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2}2Na+2HX2O2NaOH+HX2Potassium burns with a lilac flameMagnesium reacts slowly with cold waterHydrogen gives a pop with a lit splintWith acidsMetal + dilute acid → salt + hydrogenMg+2 HCl→MgClX2+HX2\ce{Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2}Mg+2HClMgClX2+HX2Zn+HX2SOX4→ZnSOX4+HX2\ce{Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2}Zn+HX2SOX4ZnSOX4+HX2Metals below hydrogen do not reactWarming the acid speeds the reactionMetal Reactionsoxygen, water, acidMgNaFeCuDisplacementMore reactive metal displaces a less reactive oneFe+CuSOX4→FeSOX4+Cu\ce{Fe + CuSO4 -> FeSO4 + Cu}Fe+CuSOX4FeSOX4+CuCopper does not displace zincMore reactive metal is oxidised (loses electrons)Ionic equations (HT)Remove spectator ions unchanged on both sidesFe(s)+CuX2+(aq)→FeX2+(aq)+Cu(s)\ce{Fe(s) + Cu^2+(aq) -> Fe^2+(aq) + Cu(s)}Fe(s)+CuX2+(aq)FeX2+(aq)+Cu(s)Mg(s)+2 HX+(aq)→MgX2+(aq)+HX2(g)\ce{Mg(s) + 2H+(aq) -> Mg^2+(aq) + H2(g)}Mg(s)+2HX+(aq)MgX2+(aq)+HX2(g)SOX4X2−\ce{SO4^2-}SOX4X2− and ClX−\ce{Cl-}ClX− are spectatorsExam tipsInclude state symbols: (s), (aq), (l), (g)Sodium is NaOH\ce{NaOH}NaOH, calcium is Ca(OH)X2\ce{Ca(OH)2}Ca(OH)X2Check the metal's charge before balancing