Edexcel International A Level Biology Revision notes
Clear notes for every subtopic, with key terms and exam tips.
Molecules, Transport and Health10 subtopics
- Water and carbohydrates
- Condensation, hydrolysis and glycosidic bonds
- Lipids
- Mass transport and blood vessels
- The mammalian heart and cardiac cycle
- Haemoglobin and oxygen transport
- Atherosclerosis and blood clotting
- Risk factors for cardiovascular disease
- Interpreting health data and risk perception
- Reducing CVD risk and treatments
Membranes, Proteins, DNA and Gene Expression11 subtopics
- Gas exchange surfaces and the lung
- Cell membrane structure
- Transport across membranes and osmosis
- Amino acids and protein structure
- Enzymes
- Structure of DNA and RNA
- DNA replication
- The genetic code and protein synthesis
- Gene mutations
- Monohybrid inheritance and sex linkage
- Cystic fibrosis and genetic screening
Cell Structure, Reproduction and Development8 subtopics
Plant Structure and Function, Biodiversity and Conservation9 subtopics
Energy Flow, Ecosystems and the Environment10 subtopics
- Overview of photosynthesis and ATP
- Light-dependent reactions
- Light-independent reactions and the Calvin cycle
- Chloroplasts, pigments and limiting factors
- Productivity and energy transfer
- Populations, habitats and ecological study
- Succession
- Evidence for climate change and its causes
- Effects of climate change and modelling
- Evolution, speciation and conservation conflicts
Microbiology, Immunity and Forensics9 subtopics
- Culturing microorganisms and measuring growth
- Bacteria, viruses and infection
- Barriers and non-specific defences
- Specific immune response
- Immunity and the evolutionary race
- Antibiotics and infection control
- Decomposition and carbon recycling
- PCR, gel electrophoresis and DNA profiling
- Forensic estimation of time of death
Respiration, Muscles and the Internal Environment11 subtopics
- Overview of respiration and glycolysis
- Link reaction and Krebs cycle
- Oxidative phosphorylation and respiratory quotient
- Skeletal muscle and movement
- Muscle contraction
- Control of the heartbeat and ECGs
- Cardiac output, ventilation and exercise
- Homeostasis and feedback
- The kidney and urea removal
- Osmoregulation and ADH
- Hormones and gene expression
Coordination, Response and Gene Technology10 subtopics
- Neurones and the reflex arc
- Action potentials and saltatory conduction
- Synapses and the pupil reflex
- Drugs and synaptic transmission
- Photoreception in rod cells
- Habituation and the nervous system
- The human brain and imaging
- Plant responses and plant hormones
- Genetically modified organisms and recombinant DNA
- Microarrays, bioinformatics and GMO risks and benefits