IGCSE›Edexcel IGCSE Maths›Mind mapsTransformationsEdexcel IGCSE Maths: Mind mapStudy pack PDFAlso for this subtopic:Revision notesFlashcardsSubtopic testCover factsTranslationSlides every point the same wayDescribed by a column vectorTop number is xxx, bottom is yyySame size, same shape, same orientationReflectionState the equation of the mirror lineIn y=xy = xy=x: (a,b)→(b,a)(a,b) \to (b,a)(a,b)→(b,a)In xxx-axis: (a,b)→(a,−b)(a,b) \to (a,-b)(a,b)→(a,−b)In yyy-axis: (a,b)→(−a,b)(a,b) \to (-a,b)(a,b)→(−a,b)Congruent, orientation reversedTransformationsfour typeskkkx=ax = ax=aRotationGive centre, angle and direction180∘180^\circ180∘ needs no direction90∘90^\circ90∘ clockwise: (a,b)→(b,−a)(a,b) \to (b,-a)(a,b)→(b,−a)90∘90^\circ90∘ anticlockwise: (a,b)→(−b,a)(a,b) \to (-b,a)(a,b)→(−b,a)Other centre: subtract, rotate, add backEnlargementGive centre and scale factor kkkk>1k > 1k>1 bigger, 0<k<10 < k < 10<k<1 smallerk<0k < 0k<0 flips to the opposite sideSides ×k\times k×k, area ×k2\times k^2×k2Not congruent unless k=±1k = \pm 1k=±1Exam tipsDescribe translation with a vector, not wordsTracing paper is allowed for rotationsCentre of rotation: perpendicular bisectorsDescribe each combined transformation in order