Matter and ParticlesIB MYP Chemistry: Topic test

20 questions, 54 marks

IB MYP Chemistry

Matter and Particles topic test

Total 54 marks

Name

Class

Date

1
A woman in Istanbul opens a bottle of rose perfume at one end of a large, still room. After about a minute, people at the far end of the room can smell it. Her friend notices that the smell spreads faster in a warm room than in a cold one.
(a)
Which statement explains how the smell spreads through the room?
[1 mark]
APerfume particles are pushed across the room by the particles still inside the bottle
BPerfume particles move randomly and collide with air particles, spreading from where there are many to where there are few
CPerfume particles stop moving once they leave the bottle and are carried by air currents only
DPerfume particles travel in straight lines without colliding with air particles
(b)
Why does the smell spread faster in the warm room?
[1 mark]
AThe perfume particles become larger
BThe air particles stop moving, so nothing is in the way
CThe particles have more kinetic energy and move faster
DThere are more perfume particles in the bottle
(c)
The liquid perfume is at room temperature, well below its boiling point, yet some of it turns into a gas. Explain how this happens.
[2 marks]
Total for question 1: 4 marks
2
A technician in Perth measures the density of a cooking oil. An empty 25 cm³ measuring cylinder has a mass of 40.0 g. When she fills it to the 25.0 cm³ mark with oil, the total mass is 62.0 g. Water has a density of 1.00 g/cm³. The technician also notes that the oil is a clear yellow liquid and that it burns easily when heated strongly.
(a)
What is the density of the oil?
[1 mark]
A0.88 g/cm³
B1.14 g/cm³
C2.48 g/cm³
D1.60 g/cm³
(b)
The oil is poured gently onto water in a beaker. What happens?
[1 mark]
AIt sinks because it has more mass than the water
BIt sinks because it is a liquid
CIt stays at the same level as the water because both are liquids
DIt floats on top of the water because its density is lower than the density of water
(c)
State whether flammability is a physical or a chemical property of the oil and explain your answer.
[2 marks]
Total for question 2: 4 marks
3
Students in Quito heat 20 g of solid naphthalene, a white crystalline substance, in a test tube placed in a beaker of hot water. They record the temperature every minute. The temperature starts at 60 °C and rises steadily to 80 °C over the first four minutes. It then stays at 80 °C for the next five minutes while the solid slowly turns into a clear liquid. After nine minutes all the solid has melted, and the temperature rises steadily to 100 °C by the twelfth minute.
(a)
Explain why the temperature stays at 80 °C from minute 4 to minute 9 even though the naphthalene is still being heated.
[3 marks]
(b)
Describe how the arrangement and movement of the particles in the naphthalene at 70 °C differ from those at 90 °C.
[4 marks]
Total for question 3: 7 marks
4
At a balloon festival in Cappadocia, a pilot heats the air inside a large hot-air balloon with a propane burner. When the air inside is hot enough, the balloon rises off the ground. The opening at the bottom of the balloon stays open, so some of the heated air escapes as the air expands. Each flight burns about 100 kg of propane. Tourism around the festival gives many local people jobs, but some residents want the number of daily flights to be reduced.
(a)
Explain, using the particle model and the idea of density, why heating the air inside the balloon makes it rise.
[6 marks]
(b)
Explain why burning propane is a chemical change. Then evaluate whether the number of daily balloon flights should be reduced.
[6 marks]
Total for question 4: 12 marks
5
A cyclist in Amsterdam pumps up a bicycle tyre until it feels firm. The volume of the tyre stays the same. After a long ride on a hot afternoon, the tyre feels even harder and the pressure gauge reads higher.
(a)
What causes the pressure of the air in the tyre?
[1 mark]
AAir particles pushing against each other only
BThe weight of the air particles pressing down on the bottom of the tyre
CAir particles sticking to the inside of the tyre
DAir particles colliding with the inside walls of the tyre
(b)
Why does the pressure rise on the hot afternoon?
[1 mark]
AThe air particles move faster and hit the walls more often and with more force
BThe air particles get bigger and take up more space
CMore air particles enter the tyre as it warms
DThe air particles lose energy and stay closer to the walls
(c)
Explain, using the particle model, why pumping more air into the tyre increases the pressure.
[2 marks]
Total for question 5: 4 marks
6
A student in Taipei leaves a clean, shiny iron nail in a dish of salty water for two weeks. The nail becomes covered in an orange-brown flaky solid, and the water turns cloudy and orange-brown. The student also leaves a second dish of salty water in the sun. After a few days the water has gone and only white salt crystals remain in the dish.
(a)
Which observation is the best evidence that a chemical change happened to the nail?
[1 mark]
AThe nail stayed the same shape
BThe salt dissolved in the water
CA new orange-brown solid formed on the nail
DThe nail was wet for two weeks
(b)
Which statement about the change to the nail is correct?
[1 mark]
AIt is a physical change because the nail kept its shape
BIt is a chemical change that is difficult to reverse because a new substance has formed
CIt is a physical change because drying the nail reverses it
DIt is a chemical change that is easily reversed by removing the salty water
(c)
Explain why the loss of water from the second dish is a physical change.
[2 marks]
Total for question 6: 4 marks
7
A student in Rotterdam wants to identify an irregular piece of plastic. She finds its mass is 46.2 g using a balance. She then puts 50.0 cm³ of water into a measuring cylinder and lowers the plastic in. The water level rises to 90.0 cm³ and the plastic is completely under the water. A data book gives the density of sea water as 1025 kg/m³.
(a)
Calculate the density of the plastic in g/cm³. Show your working.
[3 marks]
(b)
Give the density of the plastic in kg/m³ in standard form, and use your answer to predict whether the plastic would float or sink in sea water.
[4 marks]
Total for question 7: 7 marks
8
A teacher in Tallinn places a few drops of liquid bromine, a red-brown liquid that boils at 59 °C, at the bottom of a sealed gas jar in a fume cupboard. Ten minutes later the whole jar is filled with red-brown vapour, although the jar was never stirred or shaken. The teacher thinks the demonstration is excellent evidence for the particle model but is considering replacing it with a video, because bromine vapour is toxic and corrosive.
(a)
Explain, using the particle model, what happens to the bromine in the jar over the ten minutes.
[6 marks]
(b)
Evaluate whether the teacher should keep the live bromine demonstration or replace it with a video.
[6 marks]
Total for question 8: 12 marks

End of questions

Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).