GCSE›Edexcel GCSE Chemistry›Mind mapsQuantitative AnalysisEdexcel GCSE Chemistry: Mind mapStudy pack PDFAlso for this subtopic:Revision notesFlashcardsSubtopic testCover factsConcentrationUnit mol dm⁻³ = moles ÷ volume in dm³cm³ → dm³: divide by 1000g dm⁻³ → mol dm⁻³: divide by Mrmol dm⁻³ → g dm⁻³: multiply by MrTitrationPipette measures a fixed volume into the flaskBurette adds the other solutionStop at the end point colour changeConcordant results within 0.10 cm³moles=c×V\text{moles} = c \times Vmoles=c×VPercentage yieldactualtheoretical×100\frac{\text{actual}}{\text{theoretical}} \times 100theoreticalactual×100Theoretical yield: maximum from the equationActual is lower: incomplete reactionsAlso practical losses and side reactionsQuantitativeanalysismoldm³MrAtom economyMr desired productsum of Mr reactants×100\frac{M_r\text{ desired product}}{\text{sum of } M_r\text{ reactants}} \times 100sum of Mr reactantsMr desired product×100High economy → less wastePathway: yield, rate, equilibrium, by-productsGas volumes1 mole of any gas = 24 dm³ at RTPSame as 24,000 cm³Avogadro's law: equal moles, equal volumeExam tipsCheck units: convert cm³ to dm³ firstYield and atom economy answer different questionsCompare mole ratios from the balanced equation