GCSE›AQA GCSE Biology›Mind mapsCommunicable Diseases and PathogensAQA GCSE Biology: Mind mapStudy pack PDFAlso for this subtopic:Revision notesFlashcardsSubtopic testCover factsFour pathogensBacteria: prokaryotes, binary fissionViruses: non-living, reproduce inside host cellsFungi: yeasts and moulds, reproduce by sporesProtists: single-celled eukaryotesHow they harmBacteria release toxins that damage tissueViruses burst host cells openFungi break down cell walls and membranesSpreadDirect contact: touching, body fluidsWater: contaminated food or drinkAir: droplets from coughs and sneezesVectors: animals such as mosquitoesPathogenscommunicable diseasesKey diseasesTB and measles: spread by airSalmonella: water and contaminated foodGonorrhoea: direct sexual contactMalaria: protist spread by mosquito bitesRose black spot: fungus on leavesHIV: blood and body fluidsPreventionIsolation breaks person-to-person spreadVaccination builds herd immunityClean water and good hygieneVector control: insecticides and bed netsExam tipsMatch prevention to transmission routeViruses are not cells; bacteria need not enter cellsUse correct pathogen names