Data Collection and SamplingEdexcel GCSE Maths: Flashcards
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What is the difference between a population and a sample?
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- What is the difference between a population and a sample?
- A population is the entire group being studied; a sample is a smaller group selected to represent it.
- What is bias in sampling?
- A systematic error caused by a sample that does not fairly represent the population.
- Does a larger sample guarantee an unbiased result?
- No — a large but unrepresentative sample can still be biased.
- How do you calculate the angle for a category in a pie chart?
- (frequency ÷ total frequency) × 360°.
- 45 out of 180 people chose 'blue'. What angle represents this on a pie chart?
- (45 ÷ 180) × 360 = 90°.
- What goes on the horizontal axis of a time series graph?
- Time.
- What is a 'trend' in a time series?
- A general upward, downward, or repeating pattern shown by the data over time.
- What does a stem-and-leaf diagram show that a frequency table might not?
- Every original data value, while also showing the overall shape of the distribution.
- What is a back-to-back stem-and-leaf diagram used for?
- Comparing two data sets, displayed on either side of a shared stem.
- What must always be included with a stem-and-leaf diagram?
- A key explaining how to read the values (e.g. '3 | 4 means 34').
- Which diagram suits categorical data best?
- A bar chart, pie chart, or pictogram.
- Which diagram suits continuous data collected over time?
- A time series graph (or a histogram for continuous grouped data).