IGCSE›Cambridge IGCSE Biology›Mind mapsDigestive SystemCambridge IGCSE Biology: Mind mapStudy pack PDFAlso for this subtopic:Revision notesFlashcardsSubtopic testCover factsAlimentary canalThe tube food passes through, mouth to anusMouth → oesophagus → stomachSmall intestine: duodenum and ileumLarge intestine: colon, rectum, anusAssociated organsRelease substances into the gutSalivary glandsPancreasLiver and gall bladderFood does not pass through themFive functionsIngestion – taking food into the mouthDigestion – large molecules to smallAbsorption – into the blood through the gut wallAssimilation – using nutrients, e.g. new cellsEgestion – removing undigested foodDigestive systemgut and organsTeethFour types: incisors, canines, premolars, molarsEnamel – hard outer layerDentine – layer beneath the enamelPulp – nerves and blood vesselsCement anchors the root in the jawBalanced dietLack of vitamin C causes scurvyLack of vitamin D or calcium causes ricketsExam tipsEgestion = undigested food (faeces)Excretion = metabolic waste, e.g. ureaDo not mix up egestion and excretion