Digestive SystemCambridge IGCSE Biology: Flashcards
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Question
What is a balanced diet?
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- What is a balanced diet?
- A diet containing the correct types and amounts of nutrients needed for health.
- What deficiency causes scurvy, and what does it affect?
- Vitamin C deficiency; it affects the gums and skin (bleeding gums, poor wound healing).
- What deficiency causes rickets?
- Vitamin D (or calcium) deficiency, leading to soft, weak bones.
- What mineral is needed to make haemoglobin?
- Iron.
- What is fibre (roughage) needed for?
- To keep the gut muscles working properly and prevent constipation.
- List the parts of the alimentary canal in order.
- Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum and ileum), large intestine (colon, rectum, anus).
- Name the four associated organs of the digestive system.
- Salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gall bladder.
- What is ingestion?
- Taking food into the mouth.
- What is assimilation?
- The use of absorbed nutrients by the body, e.g. for growth and repair.
- What is egestion?
- The removal of undigested food (faeces) from the body via the anus.
- Name the four types of human teeth.
- Incisors, canines, premolars and molars.
- Name the layers of a tooth from outside to inside.
- Enamel, dentine, pulp (with nerves and blood vessels); the root is anchored by cement.