1. 1
   A student is finding the volume of an irregularly shaped stone using a 250 cm3 measuring cylinder. Before the stone is added, the water level reads 120 cm3. After the stone is fully submerged, the water level reads 145 cm3.

   (a)

   What is the volume of the stone?

   [1 mark]

   • A25 cm3
   • B120 cm3
   • C145 cm3
   • D265 cm3

   (b)

   Which piece of apparatus in this experiment gives a direct reading of volume?

   [1 mark]

   • AA metre ruler
   • BThe measuring cylinder
   • CA stopwatch
   • DA digital timer

   (c)

   Describe how the student should position their eye when reading the water level in the measuring cylinder, and explain why this reduces error in the measurement.

   [2 marks]

   Total for question 1: 4 marks

2. 2
   A student times 20 complete oscillations of a simple pendulum using a stopwatch and records a total time of 32.4 s, in order to find the period of oscillation.

   (a)

   What is the period of one oscillation?

   [1 mark]

   • A32.4 s
   • B0.62 s
   • C20 s
   • D1.62 s

   (b)

   Why does the student time 20 oscillations rather than a single oscillation?

   [1 mark]

   • ATo make the pendulum swing faster
   • BBecause a stopwatch cannot measure short times
   • CTo reduce the percentage error caused by human reaction time
   • DTo increase the length of the pendulum

   (c)

   Explain why measuring the time for 20 oscillations and then dividing gives a more accurate value for the period than measuring the time for a single oscillation.

   [2 marks]

   Total for question 2: 4 marks

3. 3
   A delivery drone flies 300 m due east and then 400 m due north to reach a warehouse.

   (a)

   State whether the total distance flown and the overall displacement are scalar or vector quantities, and calculate the magnitude of the drone's total distance flown and its resultant displacement.

   [3 marks]

   (b)

   Determine the direction of the drone's resultant displacement, giving your answer as an angle measured from due east, and describe a graphical method the drone operator could use instead to find this direction.

   [4 marks]

   Total for question 3: 7 marks

4. 4
   A technician needs to find the average diameter of a thin copper wire using a ruler and a pencil, and separately must find the resultant of two forces pulling a small boat.

   (a)

   A technician needs to find the average diameter of a thin length of copper wire, but the wire is too thin to measure accurately with a ruler alone. Describe, in detail, a method the technician could use to obtain an accurate average value for the diameter of the wire, using a ruler and a pencil, explaining why this method is more accurate than measuring the wire directly with a ruler.

   [6 marks]

   (b)

   A small boat is pulled towards a jetty by two ropes. One rope pulls with a force of 30 N due north, and the other pulls with a force of 40 N due east, the two forces acting at right angles to each other. Describe a graphical method and a calculation method the technician could use to find the magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the boat, and state which quantities in this problem are vectors.

   [6 marks]

   Total for question 4: 12 marks

End of questions