Reducing CVD risk and treatmentsEdexcel International A Level Biology: Flashcards

What these 14 flashcards ask

How is BMI calculated?
How is waist-to-hip ratio calculated?
What does a high waist-to-hip ratio show?
Give one limitation of BMI.
How does eating less saturated fat reduce CHD risk?
How does eating less salt reduce CHD risk?
How does exercise reduce CHD risk?
How does stopping smoking reduce CHD risk?
What is the action of a beta blocker?
What is the action of a diuretic?
How do statins work?
Name a risk of taking statins.
What does warfarin do and what is its main risk?
How does aspirin reduce the risk of thrombosis?

Exam questions on Reducing CVD risk and treatments

A 54-year-old man is 1.75 m tall and has a body mass of 98 kg. His waist measures 112 cm and his hips measure 100 cm. He smokes and takes little exercise.
Explain why the waist-to-hip ratio may be a better indicator of the risk of CHD than BMI for some people.2 marks
Doctors prescribe different drugs to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD): antihypertensives for raised blood pressure, statins for high LDL cholesterol, and anticoagulants or platelet inhibitors for patients who are at risk of blood clots.
Describe one benefit and one risk of a patient taking an anticoagulant drug such as warfarin.2 marks
A 60-year-old woman has a blood pressure of 165/100 mmHg and a blood LDL cholesterol concentration of 4.5 mmol dm⁻³. Her doctor prescribes a beta blocker and a statin, and advises her to change her lifestyle. She asks why she needs both drugs.
Explain how a beta blocker and a statin each reduce the risk of CHD.3 marks

Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).