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Differentiation from first principlesEdexcel A-Level Maths: Mind map

Gradient
First principles
x² and x³

Differentiation

gradients from limits

tangentlimitf'(x)
Second derivative
Sketching f'(x)
Exam tips

Exam questions on Differentiation from first principles

  1. The point P(3,9)P(3,9) lies on the curve y=x2y=x^{2}. The point QQ on the same curve has xx-coordinate 3+h3+h, where h≠0h\neq0.
    Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at PP.2 marks
  2. Let f(x)=x3f(x)=x^{3}.
    Given that f′(x)=3x2f'(x)=3x^{2}, find f′′(x)f''(x), and hence find the rate of change of the gradient of the curve y=f(x)y=f(x) when x=2x=2.2 marks
  3. A curve has equation y=x2y=x^{2}.
    Prove, from first principles, that dydx=2x\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x}=2x.3 marks
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Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).