Energy in oscillations and dampingEdexcel International A Level Physics: Flashcards
What these 13 flashcards ask
- What energy exchange takes place in a mass–spring oscillator?
- Where is kinetic energy maximum in SHM?
- Where is potential energy maximum in SHM?
- State the equation for the total energy of an SHM oscillator.
- State the equation for kinetic energy at displacement x.
- How does the total energy depend on amplitude?
- What is damping?
- What happens to the energy removed from a damped oscillator?
- What is critical damping?
- What happens to a heavily damped system?
- What is plastic deformation?
- What does the area of a force–extension loop for a ductile material represent?
- Why are ductile materials used in earthquake-resistant buildings?
Exam questions on Energy in oscillations and damping
- A trolley of mass 0.40 kg is attached to a horizontal spring of spring constant 64 N m⁻¹. The trolley moves on a low-friction track, so the oscillations can be treated as undamped. It is pulled 0.050 m from its equilibrium position and released from rest.Calculate the kinetic energy of the trolley when its displacement from equilibrium is 0.030 m.2 marks
- A pendulum has a bob of mass 0.15 kg on a light string. The bob is pulled aside until it is 0.040 m above its lowest position and released from rest. Air resistance is negligible for the first swing, but over several minutes the swings visibly become smaller.Explain why the amplitude of the swings decreases with time.2 marks
- A mass of 0.30 kg hangs from a spring and oscillates vertically with a period of 0.80 s and an initial amplitude of 6.0 cm. The mass is then lowered into a beaker of oil. In the oil the amplitude falls to 3.0 cm after a number of oscillations, and the period is unchanged.Calculate the total energy of the oscillation before the mass is lowered into the oil.3 marks
Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).