DNA and Protein Synthesis

DNA and Protein Synthesis Quiz

Spec 3.5.3 · Oxford AQA IGCSE Biology: Quiz

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5 questions, one answer each

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  1. 1. What are the three components that make up a nucleotide in DNA?

    • A. Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
    • B. Ribose sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
    • C. Deoxyribose sugar, amino acid, and a nitrogenous base
    • D. Glucose sugar, phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

  2. 2. Which of the following shows correct complementary base pairing in DNA?

    • A. Adenine pairs with Cytosine; Thymine pairs with Guanine
    • B. Adenine pairs with Thymine; Cytosine pairs with Guanine
    • C. Adenine pairs with Guanine; Thymine pairs with Cytosine
    • D. Adenine pairs with Adenine; Thymine pairs with Thymine

  3. 3. During DNA replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesised strand. What is this process called?

    • A. Conservative replication
    • B. Semi-conservative replication
    • C. Dispersive replication
    • D. Non-conservative replication

  4. 4. A mutation occurs in a section of DNA that codes for an enzyme. The base sequence change results in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein. How might this affect the enzyme?

    • A. It will definitely increase the enzyme's catalytic activity
    • B. It will have no effect because one amino acid change is insignificant
    • C. It could alter the enzyme's 3D shape, reducing or eliminating its activity
    • D. It will only affect the enzyme if the change occurs at the end of the sequence

  5. 5. Explain how the sequence of bases in a DNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

    • A. The base sequence directly attracts specific amino acids at the ribosome
    • B. Each group of three consecutive bases (codon) codes for a specific amino acid, which is translated into the protein sequence by tRNA at the ribosome
    • C. The bases randomly arrange themselves to form proteins in the cytoplasm
    • D. The DNA physically transports amino acids to the ribosome in the correct order

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