Control of blood glucose Quiz
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5 questions, one answer each
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1. Which of the following is the correct definition of a hormone?
- A. A chemical messenger produced by a gland, transported in the blood to a target organ
- B. A nerve impulse that travels along neurones to produce a rapid response
- C. A chemical produced by the brain that controls all body functions
- D. A protein enzyme that speeds up metabolic reactions in cells
2. Which gland produces adrenaline and what is its primary function?
- A. The thyroid gland; it controls metabolic rate
- B. The adrenal gland; it prepares the body for fight or flight responses
- C. The pituitary gland; it regulates blood glucose levels
- D. The pancreas; it produces insulin and glucagon
3. Compare nervous and hormonal communication in terms of speed and duration of effect.
- A. Nervous communication is faster but has shorter duration; hormonal communication is slower but has longer duration
- B. Hormonal communication is faster and has longer duration than nervous communication
- C. Both systems have identical speed and duration of effects
- D. Nervous communication is slower but hormonal communication has shorter duration
4. Explain how negative feedback controls blood glucose concentration using insulin and glucagon.
- A. High blood glucose stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, which lowers blood glucose; low blood glucose stimulates release of glucagon, which raises blood glucose, returning levels to normal
- B. Insulin and glucagon work together to constantly increase blood glucose levels
- C. The pituitary gland directly controls both insulin and glucagon to maintain constant glucose
- D. Negative feedback means that insulin prevents any glucose from entering the bloodstream
5. A patient with type 2 diabetes has been advised to lose weight and increase exercise. Which statement best explains why these lifestyle changes can help manage type 2 diabetes?
- A. Exercise increases insulin production by the pancreas, allowing the body to produce more insulin
- B. Weight loss and exercise improve the body's sensitivity to insulin, allowing cells to respond more effectively to the insulin produced
- C. These changes cure type 2 diabetes completely by regenerating damaged insulin-producing cells
- D. Lifestyle changes eliminate the need for the pancreas to produce any hormones