1. 1
   A florist wants to know how to keep a bunch of cut flowers fresh for as long as possible after buying them from a flower market.

   (a)

   Which plant tissue is responsible for transporting water and mineral ions from the roots to the rest of the plant?

   [1 mark]

   • APhloem
   • BXylem
   • CPalisade tissue
   • DEpidermis

   (b)

   Which plant tissue transports dissolved sugars around the plant?

   [1 mark]

   • AXylem
   • BCortex
   • CCambium
   • DPhloem

   (c)

   Explain why cutting the stems of flowers underwater, and keeping them in water afterwards, helps to keep the flowers fresh for longer.

   [2 marks]

   Total for question 1: 4 marks

2. 2
   A farmer notices that a field of crops wilts more quickly on a hot, windy afternoon than on a cool, still morning.

   (a)

   Which condition would increase the rate of transpiration in a crop plant?

   [1 mark]

   • AHigh humidity
   • BLow temperature
   • CStrong wind
   • DStill air

   (b)

   Which condition would decrease the rate of transpiration in a crop plant?

   [1 mark]

   • AHigh humidity
   • BHigh light intensity
   • CHigh wind speed
   • DHigh temperature

   (c)

   Explain why the crops wilt more quickly on a hot, windy afternoon than on a cool, still morning.

   [2 marks]

   Total for question 2: 4 marks

3. 3
   A group of students is investigating how different environmental conditions affect the rate of water uptake by a leafy shoot in the laboratory.

   (a)

   Describe how a leafy shoot could be set up with a potometer to investigate the rate of water uptake, and explain what is measured.

   [3 marks]

   (b)

   Explain how water moves from the roots to the leaves of a plant through the transpiration stream.

   [4 marks]

   Total for question 3: 7 marks

4. 4
   A biology teacher is comparing how plants transport water compared with how they transport the sugars produced during photosynthesis.

   (a)

   Describe the structure of xylem and phloem tissue and explain how each is adapted for its function in transporting substances around the plant.

   [6 marks]

   (b)

   Explain the process of translocation in phloem and describe how this differs from the movement of water through the xylem in the transpiration stream.

   [6 marks]

   Total for question 4: 12 marks

End of questions