The specific immune responseEdexcel A-Level Biology A: Flashcards
What these 14 flashcards ask
- What is an antigen?
- Describe the structure of an antibody.
- What makes an antibody specific?
- What is an antigen-presenting cell?
- What do helper T cells do?
- What do killer T cells do?
- What are cytokines?
- What is clonal selection?
- What do plasma cells do?
- What are memory cells?
- Which response uses antibodies?
- Why are killer T cells important against viruses?
- How do antibodies help to destroy pathogens?
- Where do T cells mature?
Exam questions on The specific immune response
- Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins made by plasma cells. Each antibody molecule is made of four polypeptide chains and has two identical antigen-binding sites. An antibody made against an influenza virus protein was tested and found to bind only to that influenza protein.Explain why this antibody does not bind to a protein on the surface of a measles virus.2 marks
- A patient is infected with a virus. Macrophages in the tissues engulf viral particles, and some days later killer T cells are found destroying virus-infected body cells.Describe the role of helper T cells in the immune response to this virus.2 marks
- Patient P has a rare inherited condition in which no B cells develop, although T cells are normal. Patient Q has a different condition in which helper T cells are absent, although B cells are normal. Both patients suffer repeated infections.Describe how a B cell is activated and produces antibodies against an antigen.3 marks
Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).