Group 1Edexcel GCSE Chemistry: Flashcards
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What are Group 1 elements commonly called?
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- What are Group 1 elements commonly called?
- Alkali metals.
- Name three alkali metals.
- Lithium, sodium and potassium (also rubidium, caesium, francium).
- Describe the physical properties of alkali metals.
- They are soft (can be cut with a knife) and have relatively low melting points.
- What are the products when an alkali metal reacts with water?
- A metal hydroxide (alkali) and hydrogen gas.
- Write the word equation for sodium reacting with water.
- Sodium + water -> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen.
- How does potassium's reaction with water differ from lithium's?
- Potassium reacts much more violently — it melts and the hydrogen produced ignites with a lilac flame, whereas lithium fizzes steadily.
- What is the trend in reactivity down Group 1?
- Reactivity increases going down the group.
- How many electrons are in the outer shell of a Group 1 atom?
- One electron.
- Why does reactivity increase down Group 1?
- Atoms have more electron shells, so the outer electron is further from the nucleus and more shielded, making it easier to lose.
- Predict how rubidium would react with water compared with potassium.
- Rubidium would react even more violently than potassium, since it is further down Group 1.
- What ion charge do Group 1 metals form?
- 1+ (they lose their single outer electron).