Basic ProbabilityCambridge IGCSE Maths: Flashcards

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What is the probability scale range?

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What is the probability scale range?: From 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain)
State the formula for the probability of a single event with equally likely outcomes.: $P(\text{event}) = \frac{\text{favourable outcomes}}{\text{total outcomes}}$
A die is rolled once. What is $P(\text{rolling an even number})$ ?: $\frac{3}{6} = \frac{1}{2}$
State the relationship between $P(A)$ and $P(A')$ .: $P(A') = 1 - P(A)$
If $P(\text{win}) = 0.65$ , find $P(\text{not win})$ .: $1 - 0.65 = 0.35$
Define 'fair' in a probability context.: Every possible outcome is equally likely to occur
Define 'biased' in a probability context.: Outcomes are not equally likely — some are more likely than others
Define 'random' in a probability context.: An outcome determined by chance, which cannot be predicted with certainty in advance
What must all probabilities in a full sample space add up to?: 1
What forms can a probability be given in?: A fraction, decimal or percentage
What does $P(A)$ mean in probability notation?: The probability that event $A$ occurs
What does $P(A')$ mean in probability notation?: The probability that event $A$ does NOT occur (the complement of $A$ )
A spinner has probability 0.4 of landing on red. What is the probability of NOT landing on red?: 0.6
Why can a probability never be greater than 1 or less than 0?: Because it represents a proportion of all possible outcomes, which cannot exceed the whole or be negative