VectorsCambridge IGCSE Maths: Flashcards
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What is a vector?
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- What is a vector?
- A quantity with both magnitude (size) and direction.
- How do you add two column vectors?
- Add the corresponding (top and bottom) components separately.
- How do you multiply a vector by a scalar?
- Multiply every component of the vector by that scalar.
- What effect does multiplying a vector by a negative scalar have?
- It reverses the vector's direction (as well as scaling its magnitude).
- State the formula for the magnitude of the vector (x, y).
- Magnitude = √(x² + y²).
- What is a position vector?
- A vector describing the position of a point relative to a fixed origin O.
- How do you find vector AB using position vectors OA and OB?
- AB = OB − OA.
- When are two vectors parallel?
- When one is a scalar multiple of the other.
- What two conditions prove that three points are collinear using vectors?
- The vectors between the points are parallel (scalar multiples) AND the points share a common point.
- What does 'coplanar' mean in the context of vectors?
- Lying in the same plane.
- Find the magnitude of the vector (6, 8).
- √(6² + 8²) = √100 = 10.
- Name three notations used to write a vector.
- Column vector e.g. (x, y); arrow notation, e.g. AB with an arrow; bold letter, e.g. a.
- What visual representation is used for a vector?
- A directed line segment (an arrow showing length and direction).