Particle Model Quiz
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5 questions, one answer each
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1. Which statement correctly describes the arrangement of particles in a solid?
- A. Particles are closely packed in a fixed arrangement and vibrate about fixed positions
- B. Particles are widely separated and move randomly throughout the space
- C. Particles are closely packed but move freely past one another
- D. Particles are arranged in layers that can slide over each other easily
2. What does absolute zero (−273°C) represent in terms of particle motion?
- A. The temperature at which all particles stop moving completely
- B. The point where particles have minimum kinetic energy
- C. The temperature at which particles change from liquid to gas
- D. The lowest temperature that can be measured on a thermometer
3. A gas is heated in a sealed container. Explain why the pressure increases in terms of the particle model.
- A. The volume of the container increases, allowing more particles to move around
- B. Heating increases particle speed, so they collide with the container walls more frequently and with greater force
- C. The number of particles increases due to the thermal energy added
- D. The particles become larger and take up more space inside the container
4. Brownian motion is observed when a microscopic particle suspended in water appears to move randomly. What causes this motion?
- A. The water molecules are deliberately moving the particle in random directions
- B. The microscopic particle is alive and moving of its own accord
- C. Random collisions between the suspended particle and fast-moving water molecules transfer momentum to it
- D. Temperature fluctuations create waves in the water that push the particle around
5. A liquid is heated and then allowed to evaporate into a gas. In terms of the particle model, which statements are true? (1) Particle separation increases significantly (2) Particles move faster (3) Intermolecular forces become stronger (4) Particle arrangement becomes random
- A. Statements 1, 2 and 4 are true
- B. Statements 2 and 4 are true
- C. Statements 1 and 2 are true
- D. All four statements are true