Nomenclature and formulaeAQA A-Level Chemistry: Mind map

Exam questions on Nomenclature and formulae

1. Petrol contains a mixture of alkanes. A chemist analyses one branched alkane with the structural formula CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₂CH₃ and compares it with the straight-chain alkane that has the same number of carbon atoms.
   State what is meant by a homologous series.2 marks
2. A solvent supplier labels its bottles with systematic names. The stock list includes an alcohol with the structural formula CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃, a dihalogenoalkane with the structural formula CH₃CHBrCH₂Cl, and a halogenoalkane with the structural formula (CH₃)₃CCl.
   Write the structural formula of 2-chloro-2-methylpropane and give its molecular formula.2 marks
3. A stock room holds three hydrocarbons. Compound P has the structural formula CH₃CH=CHCH₂CH₃. Compound Q has the structural formula CH₂=C(CH₃)CH₂CH₃. Compound R is a ring of five carbon atoms joined by single bonds, in which one carbon atom carries a methyl group.
   Give the IUPAC names of P, Q and R.3 marks