Chromosomes, Genes and Proteins Quiz
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5 questions, one answer each
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1. What is a gene?
- A. An alternative form of DNA
- B. A length of DNA that codes for a protein
- C. A structure made of many chromosomes
- D. A type of protein
2. What determines the shape of a protein?
- A. The number of chromosomes in the cell
- B. The sequence of amino acids that make it up
- C. The colour of the cell
- D. The size of the nucleus
3. Where is mRNA made, and where does it travel to?
- A. Made in the cytoplasm, travels to the nucleus
- B. Made in the nucleus, travels to the cytoplasm/ribosome
- C. Made in the ribosome, travels to the nucleus
- D. Made in the mitochondria, travels to the nucleus
4. A skin cell and a liver cell in the same person contain identical DNA but produce completely different sets of proteins. Which explanation accounts for this?
- A. The skin cell has fewer chromosomes than the liver cell
- B. Only some of the genes present in each cell type are expressed, according to what proteins that cell needs
- C. DNA is different in every cell type
- D. Ribosomes only exist in liver cells
5. A mutation changes one base in a gene, which changes one amino acid in the resulting protein. Which of the following is the most likely consequence, and why?
- A. No effect is possible, because base sequence never affects protein shape
- B. The protein's amino acid sequence could change, potentially altering its shape and function
- C. The gene will automatically become an allele of a different gene entirely
- D. The mRNA will be destroyed and no protein will be made in any case