Sex Hormones in Humans Quiz

1. Which of the following best defines a hormone?

• A. A chemical substance produced by a gland and carried by the blood that alters the activity of specific target organs
• B. A chemical substance produced by the nervous system that causes immediate muscle contractions
• C. A protein produced by the pancreas that breaks down glucose in the blood
• D. A neurotransmitter released at synapses between nerve cells

2. Which endocrine gland secretes testosterone?

• A. Pancreas
• B. Ovaries
• C. Testes
• D. Adrenal gland

3. Adrenaline causes several physiological changes during a 'fight or flight' response. Which of the following is NOT an effect of adrenaline?

• A. Increased breathing rate
• B. Increased heart rate
• C. Increased pupil diameter
• D. Decreased blood glucose concentration

4. How does hormonal control differ from nervous control in terms of speed of action?

• A. Hormonal control is faster because hormones travel through blood vessels
• B. Nervous control is faster because nerve impulses travel along neurones more quickly than hormones travel through the bloodstream
• C. Both systems act at identical speeds, so there is no difference
• D. Hormonal control is faster because the endocrine glands react immediately to stimuli

5. A student states that 'both hormonal and nervous control systems have the same duration of effect'. Evaluate this statement.

• A. The statement is correct; both systems last for exactly the same amount of time
• B. The statement is incorrect; hormonal effects typically last longer than nervous effects because hormones remain in the bloodstream until broken down by the liver
• C. The statement is incorrect; nervous effects always last longer because neurones are more efficient
• D. The statement is partially correct; it depends on which specific hormone or neurotransmitter is involved