Experimental DesignCambridge IGCSE Chemistry: Flashcards
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What apparatus is used to measure time in an experiment?
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- What apparatus is used to measure time in an experiment?
- A stop-watch (or stopwatch) is used to measure time in experiments.
- Name two pieces of apparatus that can be used to measure temperature.
- A thermometer is the main apparatus. Digital thermometers and analogue thermometers are both suitable for measuring temperature.
- What apparatus should be used to measure mass accurately?
- A balance (electronic or two-pan balance) is used to measure mass accurately. Electronic balances are more precise.
- Name four pieces of apparatus used to measure volume.
- Burettes, volumetric pipettes, measuring cylinders, and gas syringes are all used to measure volume.
- What is the advantage of using a burette to measure volume?
- A burette allows for precise delivery of small, accurate volumes of liquid with a valve to control flow.
- What is a disadvantage of using a measuring cylinder to measure volume?
- A measuring cylinder is less precise than a burette or volumetric pipette; it has larger divisions and lower accuracy.
- Define the term 'solute'.
- A solute is the substance that dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
- Define the term 'solvent'.
- A solvent is the liquid (usually) in which a solute dissolves to form a solution.
- Define the term 'solution'.
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture formed when a solute dissolves completely in a solvent.
- What is a saturated solution?
- A saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature.
- Define the term 'filtrate'.
- A filtrate is the clear liquid that passes through filter paper during filtration, containing dissolved solutes.
- Define the term 'residue'.
- A residue is the solid material that remains on filter paper after filtration.
- What is an advantage of using a volumetric pipette?
- A volumetric pipette delivers a precise, fixed volume of liquid and is more accurate than a measuring cylinder or burette.
- What is a disadvantage of using a gas syringe?
- A gas syringe can only measure the volume of gas present; it may leak and cannot be used for extended periods.
- Explain why an electronic balance is preferred over a two-pan balance in experimental design.
- An electronic balance is faster, more precise, requires less operator skill, and can display readings to higher decimal places than a two-pan balance.