Pathogens, defences and vaccinationIB MYP Biology: Flashcards
What these 14 flashcards ask
- Name the four types of pathogen.
- Give an example of a disease caused by a protist.
- Give an example of a disease caused by a virus.
- What is a vector?
- Name three ways in which pathogens are transmitted.
- How does the skin defend the body?
- How does mucus defend the body?
- How does stomach acid defend the body?
- What is phagocytosis?
- What do antibodies do?
- What do antitoxins do?
- What is herd immunity?
- Why do antibiotics not work against viruses?
- How does antibiotic resistance develop?
Exam questions on Pathogens, defences and vaccination
- A public health team in Dhaka is investigating four illnesses in a district: cholera, influenza, athlete's foot and malaria. Each one is caused by a different type of pathogen and each one spreads in a different way.Describe how cholera is transmitted and outline one way of preventing its spread.2 marks
- A student in Lima falls on rough ground and cuts her knee. That evening she also breathes in dust and swallows some food that contains a few bacteria. Over the following days she stays healthy and the cut heals.Outline how the skin and the mucus in the airways help to prevent infection.2 marks
- Amira is 14 and lives in Amman. She has a fever and a headache. Her doctor tells her that the illness is caused by a virus and decides not to prescribe antibiotics, although her mother asks for them. Amira's white blood cells have already started to respond to the infection.Describe three ways in which white blood cells defend the body against pathogens.3 marks
Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).