Classification of organismsIB MYP Biology: Flashcards
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Name the five kingdoms.
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- Name the five kingdoms.
- Animals, plants, fungi, protists and prokaryotes.
- Which kingdom has cells with no nucleus?
- Prokaryotes (e.g. bacteria).
- What are the features of plants?
- Multicellular, cellulose cell walls and chloroplasts; they photosynthesise.
- What are the features of fungi?
- Cell walls, no chloroplasts and thread-like hyphae; they feed on dead or living material.
- Name the five vertebrate groups.
- Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
- Which vertebrates have moist skin and lay eggs in water?
- Amphibians.
- What are the features of reptiles?
- Dry scaly skin and soft-shelled eggs laid on land.
- What are the features of birds?
- Feathers, a beak, and hard-shelled eggs; warm-blooded.
- What are the features of mammals?
- Hair or fur, mammary glands that make milk, and most give birth to live young.
- What three features do arthropods share?
- An exoskeleton, jointed legs and a segmented body.
- How do insects differ from arachnids?
- Insects have 6 legs and 3 body parts; arachnids have 8 legs and 2 body parts.
- What is a binomial name?
- A two-part scientific name: genus (capital letter) then species (lower case).
- Why is a binomial name useful?
- It is used worldwide, so there is no confusion between common names.
- What is a dichotomous key?
- A series of paired questions with two answers each, used to identify organisms.
Exam questions on Classification of organisms
- A biologist in Santiago sorts the organisms she has collected from a pond and its banks into the five kingdoms. Her collection includes a mushroom growing on a rotting log, a bacterium from the pond water, a water lily, a pond snail and an amoeba.Outline two differences between plants and animals.2 marks
- A zoo in Singapore is preparing information boards for four of its animals: a crocodile, a frog, a penguin and a fruit bat. The zoo wants to show visitors which vertebrate group each animal belongs to.Explain why the fruit bat is classified as a mammal and not as a bird, although it can fly.2 marks
- An entomologist in Kuala Lumpur sorts invertebrates collected from a rainforest. Among them are a beetle, which has six legs and a body in three parts, a spider, which has eight legs and a body in two parts, a crab and a centipede. All four belong to the same large group of invertebrates.State three features that all arthropods have.3 marks
Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).