Ethics of biotechnologyIB MYP Biology: Flashcards

Exam questions on Ethics of biotechnology

1. Golden rice is a variety of rice that has been genetically modified with genes from maize and a bacterium so that its grains make beta-carotene, which the body converts to vitamin A. It was developed to help children in countries where rice is the main food and a lack of vitamin A causes blindness and weakens the immune system. Some environmental groups have opposed growing it.
   Explain why growing golden rice could improve the health of children in some countries.2 marks
2. Stem cells can be taken from early embryos left over from IVF treatment at a fertility clinic in Seoul. Stem cells can divide and differentiate into many types of cell, and researchers hope to use them to replace the damaged nerve cells of patients with spinal injuries. Taking the stem cells from an embryo destroys the embryo.
   Suggest two reasons why some people support using the leftover IVF embryos to obtain stem cells.2 marks
3. A national survey asked 1000 adults whether parents should be allowed to have embryos screened for genetic characteristics before IVF treatment. 72% agreed with screening for a serious inherited disease that causes early death, 31% agreed with screening to choose eye colour, and 15% agreed with screening to choose a baby's expected intelligence. The adults were chosen at random from all regions and age groups of the country.
   Describe the pattern in the survey results and suggest a reason for it.3 marks