Types of force and their effectsIB MYP Physics: Flashcards
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What is a force?
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- What is a force?
- A push or a pull.
- What is the unit of force and what measures it?
- The newton (N), measured with a newton meter.
- What is a contact force?
- A force that acts only when objects touch.
- Name five contact forces.
- Friction, tension, normal reaction, upthrust and air resistance (drag).
- What is a non-contact force?
- A force that acts at a distance without touching.
- Name three non-contact forces.
- Weight, magnetic force and electrostatic force.
- What is friction?
- A contact force that opposes motion between surfaces.
- What is tension?
- The pulling force in a stretched rope, string or spring.
- What is upthrust?
- The upward force of a liquid or gas on an object in it.
- What is air resistance?
- Friction from air that opposes motion through it. It increases with speed.
- What are the three effects a force can have?
- It can change the speed, change the direction, or change the shape of an object.
- What do balanced forces do to motion?
- Nothing: a stationary object stays at rest and a moving object keeps the same velocity.
- What does a free-body diagram show?
- All the forces acting on one object as labelled arrows pointing in the direction of each force.
- In a free-body diagram, what does the length of an arrow show?
- The size of the force.
Exam questions on Types of force and their effects
- A student in Toronto pulls a heavy wooden box across a classroom floor using a rope. The box moves along the floor at a steady speed.State the name of the force between the box and the floor that opposes its motion, and the direction in which it acts.2 marks
- A wooden cork floats at rest on the surface of the water in a pond in Kyoto.Describe how to draw a free-body diagram of the cork.2 marks
- A class in Nairobi investigates how the surface affects the force needed to pull a wooden block at a steady speed. They pull the block along four surfaces using a newton meter. The readings are 3.0 N on tile, 5.5 N on carpet, 7.0 N on sandpaper and 2.0 N on glass.Suggest three variables that the class should keep the same to make the investigation a fair test.3 marks
Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).