Characteristics of Living OrganismsCambridge IGCSE Biology: Flashcards
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Define movement in the context of living organisms.
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- Define movement in the context of living organisms.
- Movement is an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place.
- What is respiration?
- Respiration is the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules and release energy for metabolism.
- Define sensitivity as a characteristic of living organisms.
- Sensitivity is the ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal or external environment.
- What is growth in living organisms?
- Growth is a permanent increase in size and dry mass.
- Define reproduction.
- Reproduction is the processes that make more of the same kind of organism.
- What is excretion?
- Excretion is the removal of the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess of requirements.
- Define nutrition.
- Nutrition is the taking in of materials for energy, growth and development.
- Why is movement considered a characteristic of living organisms?
- Movement is a characteristic of living organisms because organisms or their parts change position or place in response to their environment or internal needs.
- Explain the relationship between respiration and metabolism.
- Respiration breaks down nutrient molecules in cells to release energy, which is then used to power metabolic reactions and life processes.
- How does sensitivity enable organisms to survive?
- Sensitivity allows organisms to detect changes in their environment and respond appropriately, enabling them to avoid danger and seek favourable conditions.
- Why is growth defined as a permanent increase in dry mass rather than total mass?
- Dry mass is used because it represents actual living material; total mass includes water which fluctuates and is not a permanent increase in the organism's structure.
- Name two types of reproduction in living organisms.
- Asexual reproduction (producing genetically identical offspring from one parent) and sexual reproduction (producing genetically varied offspring from two parents).
- What is the difference between excretion and egestion?
- Excretion removes waste products from metabolism; egestion removes undigested food material that was never absorbed into cells.
- State three reasons why nutrition is essential for living organisms.
- Nutrition provides energy for respiration, materials for growth and development, and materials for repair and maintenance of body structures.
- List all seven characteristics of living organisms.
- Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion, and nutrition (MRS GREN).