Electrophilic substitution of benzene Quiz
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5 questions, one answer each
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1. Which species is the electrophile in the nitration of benzene?
- A. NO₂⁻
- B. NO₂⁺
- C. HSO₄⁻
- D. H₃O⁺
2. Why is nitration of benzene carried out at about 50 °C rather than higher?
- A. The acids would decompose
- B. Benzene would freeze
- C. To reduce further substitution
- D. The reaction would reverse
3. What is the role of aluminium chloride in Friedel–Crafts acylation?
- A. It accepts a lone pair from the acyl chloride to form the electrophile, and is regenerated
- B. It donates a lone pair to the ring
- C. It is an oxidising agent
- D. It is a solvent
4. What happens to the positively charged intermediate in electrophilic substitution?
- A. It is attacked by a second electrophile
- B. It loses H⁺, restoring the delocalised ring
- C. It gains H⁺ to form an addition product
- D. It loses a carbon atom
5. Benzene (7.80 g, Mr = 78.0) gives 9.84 g of nitrobenzene (Mr = 123.0). What is the percentage yield?
- A. 64.0%
- B. 80.0%
- C. 100%
- D. 90.0%