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Taylor seriesEdexcel International A Level Further Maths: Mind map

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Taylor series

expansion about x = a

(x−a)n(x-a)^nf(n)(a)n!\frac{f^{(n)}(a)}{n!}a = 0 is Maclaurin
Awkward derivatives
Approximations
Exam tips

Exam questions on Taylor series

  1. A function is defined by f(x)=ln⁡xf(x)=\ln x, for x>0x>0. Its Taylor series about x=2x=2 is to be found.
    Use the Taylor series up to and including the term in (x−2)3(x-2)^3 to estimate ln⁡2.1\ln2.1 to 5 significant figures, given that ln⁡2=0.693147\ln2=0.693147 to 6 significant figures.2 marks
  2. A function is defined by f(x)=xf(x)=\sqrt{x}, for x>0x>0. Its Taylor series about x=4x=4 is to be found.
    The Taylor series about x=4x=4 up to the term in (x−4)3(x-4)^3 is 2+14(x−4)−164(x−4)2+1512(x−4)32+\frac14(x-4)-\frac{1}{64}(x-4)^2+\frac{1}{512}(x-4)^3. Use it to estimate 4.2\sqrt{4.2} to 4 decimal places.2 marks
  3. A function is defined by f(x)=sin⁡xf(x)=\sin x. Its Taylor series about x=πx=\pi is to be found.
    Find the Taylor series of f(x)f(x) in ascending powers of (x−π)(x-\pi) up to and including the term in (x−π)3(x-\pi)^3.3 marks
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Written by the Exaim team, led by Shaun Daswani (Head of Upper Secondary, Improve ME Institute; MSc Financial Mathematics, Imperial College London; BSc, UCL) and Jason Daswani (operational lead, Improve ME Institute; LSE).